Just to throw my two cents in even though it's a guess...
Maybe try and re-seat all the ribbon cables from the laser pick-up, to the flipping mechanism, and to the main board just to see if it could be a loose connection or even a condensation issue. Did you say that you did see the red LED on the pick-up flashing on?
This is a very long shot, but it might help... Try pointing a camera directly above the laser while it moves if possible (don’t look at it!), some cameras display infrared light in photos/videos. It might help us narrow down if it’s a dead laser.
So now I need to find someone in the Midwest (I’m in Iowa) that has an oscilloscope to align the laser. And the Pioneer test disc.
Also, it looks like the original issue was a plastic piece towards the front of the player that broke? At least this wasn’t broke on the 503 I used as a donor machine (photo below). I think this is the CD plate, should sit near the loading motor.